Testudo hermanni Situs of liver, heart and ovaries
Tortoise Egg follicles and eggs with scale Photo Univ. Zürich
Testudo hermanni Pregnancy
Trachemys s. elegans Egg follicles Photo via accessory bladder
Trachemys s. elegans Ovary active
Testudo hermanni Infundibulum Serosa cells partly filled with vitellin II particles
Testudo graeca Oviduct normal
Testudo hermanni Oviduct normal
Testudo graeca Oviduct normal and active
Terrapene carolina Neonate Yolk sac (*) internalized
Graptemys ouachiticus Oviduct (active) Glandular duct
Indotestudo elongata Oviduct Secretory cells normal
Trachemys s elegans Cloacoscopy Accessory bladders + exit of rectum





Trachemys s. elegans B95-110 Salpinx Endometrial cysts
Testudo hermanni Oviduct salpingitis
Testudo hermanni Oviduct salpingitis


Indotestudo elongata Oviduct Secretory glands one side normal; Other side degenerated

Trachemys s elegans Oviduct Calcium deposits + loss of secretory glands

Tesudo horsfieldii Ovary Some follicles in resorption

Testudo hermanni Ovary. Secundary follicles next to degenerated follicles (arrows)

Testudo hermanni Ovary. Secundary and degenerated follicles (arrow)
Testudo hermanni Ovary Primary follicles degenerated

Indotestudo elongata Ovary Follicles degenerated

Graptemys sp. Ovary perilymphatic calcium deposit

Graptemys sp. Ovary periarterial calcium deposit +multinucleate cell

Graptemys sp. Ovary perivascular calcium deposit

Trachemys s. elegans Oviduct. Deposition of Calcium, Edema, overfilling lymph vessels
Testudo graeca. One clutch of eggs Embryo’s in different stages of development

Testudo boettgeri Single cell twin. Photo Cees de Boer

Testudo-boettgeri-Single cell-twin.-Photo-Cees de Boer

Trachemys s elegans Egg follicle in resorption

Indotestudo elongata Ovary inflammation

Indotestudo elongata Ovary Necrotic follicles P. Zwart

Indotestudo elongata B05-1838 A Ovary cystic follicles inflamed

Testudo hermanni Infundibulum Serosal space partly filled with Vitellin II particles. Mesothelium swollen.


Testudo hermanni Egg shell with bacteria in superficial layers

Testudo hermanni Clutch of eggs. Differences in sizes

Testudo hermanni Clutch of eggs. Differences in sizes

Testudo hermanni Clutch of Eggs One double shelled (Weights in grammes)

Geochelone pardalis Egg shell Total weight 10.5 gms Two shells -decalcified

Testudo hermanni Calcium deposited around poresT

Testudo hermanni Calcium around pores

Geochelone pardalis Egg shell total weight 12.0 gm Two shells -decalcified Outer shell only partly thin

Geochelone pardalis Egg shell total weight 25 gm Three shells – decalcified

Geochelone carbonaria Egg shell defect; inner membrane defect at the same site


Testudo hermanni Egg shell rough surface

Testudo hermanni Egg shell. Pore surrounded by Ca-deposit

Aldabrachelys gigantea Egg Thickened shell (6 layers)

Aldabrachelys gigantea Egg Thickened shell (6 layers)

Testudo hermanni Egg double shell First shell with a normal porus, second one showing Ca-deposit and diverted porus

Testudo hermanni Egg pores. Bacterial contamination

Indotestudo elongata Egg in urinary bladder

Indotestudo elongata Oviduct Local edema (compare normal propria)

Indotestudo elongata Oviduct Local edema (compare normal propria (*))

Testudo hermanni Muscular layer (longitudinal) degenerated

Testudo hermanni Hydrosalpinx




Indotestudo elongata Eggs Left one from the urinary bladder, right one from urodeum